Water Glass Parameters

Water Glass Parameters

Modulus Ratio
Simply put, the modulus ratio is the molar ratio of silicon dioxide (SiO₂) to sodium oxide (Na₂O) in water glass. For example, a modulus ratio of 3 means the moles of SiO₂ are three times those of Na₂O. This ratio significantly impacts water glass properties:

• A higher modulus indicates relatively more SiO₂, resulting in greater viscosity, higher post-hardening strength, and improved acid/heat resistance.

• However, it reduces water solubility, making dissolution more difficult.

Density
Density measures how "heavy" or "concentrated" the liquid water glass is, typically measured in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) using a densitometer.

• Higher density = more water glass solids, higher effective content.

• Lower density = more water, lower effective content.
  Standard densities range between 1.3–1.5 g/cm³, with specific requirements varying by application.

Baumé Degree
This concentration indicator, measured with a Baumé hydrometer, correlates with density.

• Higher Baumé degree = higher concentration.

• Common range: 30–40°Bé.
  In practice, Baumé degree determines dosage and dilution levels for water glass.

Viscosity
Viscosity reflects the "thickness" or "flowability" of water glass, measured in centipoise (cP).

• High viscosity → thick, glue-like consistency → poor flow.

• Low viscosity → thin, easy flow.
  Viscosity critically affects application performance:

• Excessive viscosity hinders operations (e.g., coating, grouting), causing uneven application or poor gap penetration.

• Insufficient viscosity compromises adhesion and functional effectiveness.